Screening chronic kidney disease in long-standing diabetic patients at a primary care unit UMF 222
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Keywords

Diabetes Mellitus type 2
screening
chronic kidney disease
CKD-EPI equation

How to Cite

1.
Espinosa Fuentes GA, Julián Hernández YJ, López Lievanos M Ángel, Berumen Lechuga MG. Screening chronic kidney disease in long-standing diabetic patients at a primary care unit UMF 222. Rev. Colomb. Nefrol. [Internet]. 2022 Feb. 21 [cited 2024 Mar. 29];9(1):e543. Available from: https://revistanefrologia.org/index.php/rcn/article/view/543

Abstract

Background: Diabetic nephropathy is the main cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), however, thereare no data available about the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the early stages in Mexico. Akey role in first level attention consists in performing timely screenings for diseases such as CKD. Inmost cases CKD is underdiagnosed in early stages, because it is asymptomatic.

Purpose: To determine the frequency of CKD in long-standing diabetes type 2.

Methods:This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. We included 263 patients with diabetes type 2 with at least 5 years of evolution, not undergoing renal function replacement therapy. The variables of this study were: sociodemographic characteristics and estimation of the glomerular filtration rate through the CKD-EPI equation. Categorical variables were summarized as frequencies and percentages. For continuous variables, mean and standard deviation were reported. The significance of differences between groups was assessed by Student’s t-test or square chi or Fisher’s exact test, and p-value ?0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: the KDIGO classification has 5 stages. The results regarding the degree of glomerular filtra-tion: stage 1 with 39.5 % (95 % CI, 34.2-45.6) , stage 2 with 38.8 % ( 95 % CI, 32.77-44.5),stage 3a with 8 %( 95 % CI, 4.9-11.4), stage 3b with 5.7 % (95 % CI, 3.4-8.7), grade 4 with 6.8 % (95 % CI, 3.8-9.9) and stage5 with 1.1 % (95 % CI 0.0-2.7). The average age was 69.26±11.01 in the group with CKD. Male gender predominated in the group CKD with 34 (59.6 %) and 23 (40.3 %), for female. Regarding comorbidities, hypertension arterial and treatment when analyzed for either absence or presence of CKD were statistically significant. The same findings can be obtained in laboratory results.

Conclusion :The prevalence of suspected CKD in our population is 21 %, at least 1 in 5 diabetic patients with >5 years of evolution suffer a decrease in GFR; however, we cannot consider it to be CKD untilthe presence of kidney damage is assessed and confirmed at 3 months.

https://doi.org/10.22265/acnef.9.1.543
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